Microdialysis is a new bio-analytical technique. The probe is a sampling device, which includes a semi-permeable membrane introduced into the liquid, solid or semi-solid medium to be studied. Sampling typically is done from the interstitial space to collect small-molecular weight substances. In addition to being minimally invasive, continuous monitoring of free, unbound fraction of drug is possible by microdialysis and investigation of biochemical processes becomes more feasible. Avoiding the need for sample preparation, eliminating enzyme degradation processes and generating accurate pharmacokinetic data are some of the major advantages of microdialysis over conventional sampling. As this technique uniquely collects unbound fraction i.e. the pharmacologically active fraction of the drug, it has gained much importance in pharmacokinetic studies. Its ability to sample in-situ has made it convenient in various fields like analysis, biotechnology and genetic engineering to mention a few.
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